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现代战争是依赖高技术的战争,战场形态正发生着重要变化,主要体现为敌对双方在电磁频谱作战空间的争夺越来越激烈。失去了制电磁权,也必将失去制空和制海权。电子战作为夺取制电磁权的重要手段,面临着来自更先进作战对象、更复杂电磁环境带来的严峻挑战。为适应高强度的对抗环境,电子对抗系统必须具备多功能、多目标对抗、宽带工作等能力[1]。
数字阵列技术[2-3]是数字技术与阵列技术相结合的产物,与传统的阵列系统相比,可以快速改变波束指向和形状,容易形成多个波束,很好地满足了现代信息战争对电子对抗设备多功能、多模式以及多目标宽带对抗的应用需求。目前关于数字阵列技术的研究主要集中在数字阵列接收技术。如文献[4]提出一种基于可变分数时延滤波器的实时数字时延波束形成方法,该方法采用多相结构和Farrow结构相结合的方法实现实时抽取和可变分数时延。文献[5]提出针对有载波宽带雷达信号的接收波束形成实现结构,实现宽带数字阵列各阵元传输时延的精确补偿。文献[6]针对多级抽取结合可变分数时延滤波器的典型接收通道结构,提出了一种新的接收通道优化设计方法。目前关于数字阵列发射技术的研究不足,文献[7]研制开发了数字相控阵雷达发射同频多波束的测试系统,并对发射多波束工作状态下天线的基本特性进行了研究和测试。此外,文献[8-10]也进行了数字阵列发射多波束的研究,但这些研究都是围绕雷达应用而开展的,带宽较窄,无法满足电子对抗系统宽带对抗的要求。针对宽带电子对抗需求,文献[11]研究了频域和时域形成宽带发射波束的原理,进行了理论仿真分析,但并未集成样机和实测验证。
本文针对当前数字阵列发射多波束技术研究的不足,阐述了在数字域实现宽带同时发射多波束的机理,并针对数字延时中关键的分数延时滤波器进行了设计和仿真;在此基础上,构建了原型样机和测试系统,对数字宽带同时发射多波束技术的可行性和有效性进行了评估和验证。
Testbed for Digital Arrays Assisted Broadband Multi-Beam Transmission
doi: 10.12178/1001-0548.2023077
- Received Date: 2023-03-21
- Accepted Date: 2023-05-03
- Rev Recd Date: 2023-07-15
- Available Online: 2023-11-29
- Publish Date: 2023-11-25
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Key words:
- broadband digital array /
- electronic countermeasure /
- fractional delay /
- simultaneous transmission of multiple beams
Abstract: The existing phased array equipment usually adopts sub-aperture or sub-timeslot to realize multi-target jamming, but the former cannot take advantage of full aperture gain, and the latter cannot allocate the time-domain resource smoothly when the number of targets is large. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a method to adjust the integer and fractional delays in order to realize the purpose of large bandwidth digital transmission. The integer delay is realized by sampling interval delay, and the fractional delay is realized by Farrow filter. The key delay characteristics are simulated, and the minimum scale digital array prototype is constructed. The test results show that the simultaneous four beams with the instantaneous bandwidth of 400 MHz are realized, the direction and power of jamming beam can be adjusted arbitrarily, and the delay characteristics are also consistent with the simulation results.
Citation: | ZHU Yuanjiang, YANG Kang, BAO Qiuxiang, XU Yu, JIANG Weixiang, SONG Shiqian. Testbed for Digital Arrays Assisted Broadband Multi-Beam Transmission[J]. Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2023, 52(6): 818-825. doi: 10.12178/1001-0548.2023077 |