Abstract: This paper presents a model to evaluate input-output performance of scientists. With consideration of the input cost of scientists' communication and time, this model takes the number of co-authors and the number of institutions of target scientists in scientific papers as input variables, and the number of co-published articles and their cited number as output variables. The experiments results show the scientists who won Nobel Price are ranked higher than the sciences who did not win Nobel Price. The experimental results also show that the AUC values of input-output performance model could reach 0.7957 for the APS data set, which is better than the results generated by h-index, i10-index, total number of papers, and total number of citations. Furthermore, The experimental results indicate that most input-output performances of scientists before winning award is higher than the input-output performances of scientists after winning award for the APS data set and the web of science data set. The proposed model also provides an effective tool for policy makers to quantify the input-output performances of sciences.