Abstract: The evolution of a collaborative innovation network depends on the interrelationships among the innovation subjects. Every single small change affects the network topology, which leads to different evolution results. A logical relationship exists between network evolution and innovative behaviors. An accurate understanding of the characteristics of the network structure can help the innovative subjects to adopt appropriate innovative behaviors. Based on the resource-based theory, complex network theory and exploratory analysis of two typical cases, this paper analyzes the behavior rules of collaborative innovation network, and establishes the connection rule based on resource priority. Fully combining the stage-cooperation characteristic of collaborative innovation, this paper builds a network evolution model. Simulation experiments are carried out on network characteristics and evolution rules. The results show that resource priority connection conforms to the real situation, and is conducive to maintaining the continuous innovation network vitality, and thus has certain management practical significance for behavioral decisions of enterprise, government and so on.