Abstract: Ultrasound and microbubbles have been widely used for diagnostic imaging in clinical fields without producing significant adverse effects for many decades. To further improve the image contrast, development of targeted microbubbles is becoming the hot subject of ultrasound medicine in recent years. The goal of this brief review is to illustrate selected examples of targeted microbubbles that have been applied to the arenas of atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. The adhesion interactions of targeted microbubbles-endothelial cells under shear flow are also reviewed. The overall characterization of targeted microbubbles in vitro will be helpful for the clinic applications in the future.