Abstract: The introduction of inversion of soil moisture content, Simulating backscattering coefficients of winter wheat based on Water Cloud and IEM model and methods to measuring backscattering coefficients of winter wheat is proposed. In order to test the inversion result and the measure result, the backscattering coefficients of winter wheat were measured by FM-CW Ground-based Scattermeter at L-band, S-band, C-band, and X-band, the LAI、biomass、soil moisture contents and so on relevant coefficients were gathered, the date on condition that the different time and different wave band and different polarized were compared, the different factors, such as incidence angle, polarization and wave length, that affect backscattering coefficients are discussed. The inversion of soil moisture content is indential the experiment results.