Abstract: To solve the problem of low accuracy of space-based automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) signal decoding under low signal-to-noise ratio, the paper proposes a new inversion decoding method. It supposed that the ADS-B signal transmission space is a stable linear system during the transmission period, and the received signal is convoluted by the space system and transmitted ADS-B signal. According to this idea, the inversion decoding includes signal preamble detection, space system parameters estimation, signal inversion, pulse waveform correction. A simulation experiment was conducted. In the experiment, the accuracy ADS-B decoding pulse sequence was extracted and the decoding correctness rate was much higher than the mono-pulse detection method. The results verified the validity of the proposed inversion decoding method.