Abstract: There is a very fierce competitive relationship among colleges because of the parallel application and the shortage of high-equality students in Chinese Gaokao. From the perspective of network science, correctly understanding such competitive relationship is helpful to guide candidates to apply for admission. This paper uses the 2019-year colleges’ admission scores in Shanxi Province to construct the adjacency matrix of the competition network via the improved Jaccard similarity calculation method. Based on the measurements of complex network, the empirical research on the competition network shows that 1) there is the proper heterogeneity in the degree distribution and the larger average degree; 2) the negative correlation between the clustering coefficients and degrees of nodes suggests that the competitive network has a hierarchical structure; 3) the connectivity of rich club suggests that the colleges with a degree greater than 375 are fully connected and constitute the rich club; 4) using the community detection algorithm based on the colleges’ metadata and network structure, the homogeneity of colleges in the community is evaluated through Gini Impurity. On this basis, The Louvain algorithm is further used to identify the hierarchical structure of colleges in the community. These empirical results clearly portray the competitive relationship among colleges, which enables us to bring great enlightenment for guiding candidates to apply for admission.