采用谐振电感复用的LCL-T/LLC谐振变换器

An LCL-T/LLC resonant converter using resonant inductor multiplexing

  • 摘要: LLC谐振变换器有着转换效率高、软开关特性好等显著优点。但在储能系统充电的应用场合中,宽电压增益输出要求LLC谐振变换器工作频率在较大范围内变化,从而引起转换效率明显降低、磁性元件设计困难、轻载调节有限等问题。研究了一种采用谐振电感复用的LCL-T/LLC谐振变换器,可用于电动汽车的车载充电。将谐振电感置于变压器副边,构建LCL-T谐振腔使得变换器工作在恒流充电阶段,LCL-T谐振变换器的恒流特性可以显著减小变换器的工作频率范围;通过辅助开关改变谐振支路,该谐振电感也可参与LLC谐振,使变换器工作在恒压充电阶段,提供稳定的充电电压。由于谐振电感位于变压器副边,减少了死区时间内的磁芯损耗,提高了转换效率。详细分析了该变换器的工作模式和直流增益特性,给出了关键参数设计原则。最后,搭建了一台3.3 kW、400 V/330 V的实验样机,验证了变换器拓扑和控制方案的有效性。

     

    Abstract: The LLC resonant converter has significant merits, such as high conversion efficiency and soft switching characteristics. However, in the field of DC charging, the wide output voltage gain requires the operating frequency of the LLC resonant converter to cover a wide range, which cause the loss of the conversion efficiency, the complex design of magnetic components, and limited light-load regulation, etc. In this paper, an LCL-T/LLC resonant converter with a multiplexing resonant inductor for the on-board charging of electric vehicles is proposed. On the secondary side of the transformer, the resonant inductor opreates with the LCL-T resonant tank for the constant current (CC) charge of the battery. The inherent characteristic of the LCL-T can limit the range of the operating frequency. While for the constant voltage (CV) charge, the resonant tank is modified by the auxiliary branch, and the resonant inductor opreates in the LLC converter, which works as a CV source. As the resonant inductor is placed on the secondary side of the transformer, the core loss during the dead time is reduced and the conversion efficiency is improved. The operation mode and the DC gain characteristics of the proposed converter are analyzed. Moreover, the design procedure of key parameters is provided. In the end, a 3.3 kW, 400 V/ 330 V experimental prototype is built to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed resonant converter and its control method.

     

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