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在无线环境下,MANETs受信号干扰、路径损耗、多径衰落和遮蔽效果等影响,易造成分组的丢失和错误,同时,节点的频繁移动和间歇性连接以及网络拓扑的动态变化,进一步加剧了MANETs的组网挑战。另外,为了确保和IP协议栈的兼容,当前MANETs路由协议采用面向主机节点和端到端的原则,假定在某一时间间隔内任意节点间存在至少一条完整的端到端通信路径,然而,这种假设从本质上与MANETs场景特点不匹配。
CCN/NDN (named data networking)[1]是一种基于Clean Slate思路的未来互联网体系结构。它采用兴趣驱动的异步交互通信范型,通信双方无需建立和维护端到端的持续连接。同时,位置无关的内容命名容易处理节点的移动性问题,而泛在的内置缓存机制也使得网络节点能够充分利用无线媒介的广播特性来监听和缓存内容,进而减少冗余请求和降低内容访问时延,因此,CCN不仅适用于未来互联网骨干网组网,而且还是MANETs组网的理想候选者。
近年来涌现了许多基于CCN的MANETs组网相关研究工作,逐渐形成了一个全新研究方向——CCM。然而到目前为止,针对CCM内容路由研究进展的综述文献相对较少,仅有文献[2]综述了内容中心无线组网的研究现状,但在内容路由方面只是粗粒度梳理,以及文献[3]分析了内容中心车载网所面临的挑战。
因此,本文在介绍CCM内容路由的概念模型之后,详细阐述CCM内容路由的研究进展,旨在深入缕析CCN对MANETs组网的可适性,为CCM内容路由进一步研究提供借鉴和参考。
Research Progress on Content Routing in Content-Centric Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
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摘要: 内容中心网络(CCN)具有兴趣驱动、异步交互、内置缓存以及多路径转发等特点,是移动自组织网络MANETs进行组网的理想候选者。因此,内容中心移动自组网(CCM)成为了当前的研究热点。该文介绍了CCM内容路由的概念模型,在此基础上详细阐述了先应式、反应式和机会式等类型的代表性内容路由方案,总结了当前CCM内容路由在广播分组、通信范型和缓存等方面亟待解决的问题,深入地展示了CCM内容路由的研究现状。Abstract: The distinctive features make content-centric networking (CCN) as a potential networking scheme for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), such as asynchronous communication paradigm, in-network caching and multi-path forwarding, and thus, content-centric mobile ad hoc network (CCM) is becoming a hot issue in the area of CCN. Firstly, a content routing model of CCM is introduced, and then the major content routing schemes are elaborated. Furthermore, the existing issues are concluded in terms of broadcasting and routing model. The work shows the current research progress on content routing in CCM.
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Key words:
- CCN /
- content discovery /
- content routing /
- MANETs
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图 1 LFBL内容路由[9]
图 2 迭代转发过程[16]
图 3 STIR转发过程[31]
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